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Algeria

Retail_Trading_Status

Banned Unknown
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Analysis ID
#407
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Latest
Created
2025-06-26 12:56
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Live

Executive Summary

Retail cryptocurrency trading is explicitly prohibited in Algeria, as per Article 117 of the Financial Law of 2018. This law bans the purchase, sale, use, and possession of virtual currency, defined as any digital asset lacking physical representation. The Bank of Algeria initially warned about Bitcoin in 2017, citing risks, and the Ministry of Finance reiterated the ban in 2020, emphasizing that virtual currencies cannot be used as legal payment. Despite the ban, some Algerians use P2P platforms and offshore exchanges, although these activities carry legal risks.

Key Pillars

The primary regulator is the Bank of Algeria, which issued initial warnings, and the Ministry of Finance, which reiterated the ban. The core compliance requirement is adherence to Article 117 of the Financial Law of 2018, which prohibits all cryptocurrency-related activities. There are no licensing or registration requirements since cryptocurrency activities are banned.

Landmark Laws

  • Financial Law of 2018, Article 117: Issued in 2018. This law prohibits the purchase, sale, use, and possession of virtual currency in Algeria, with violations potentially leading to fines and imprisonment.
  • Bank of Algeria Regulation №25–02: Issued on 14 April 2025. This regulation introduced new fintech and venture capital regulations, but does not alter the legal status of cryptocurrencies, which remain banned for retail trading.

Considerations

Cryptocurrencies are legally classified as 'virtual currency,' defined as any digital asset used by internet users that lacks physical representation. There is no legal framework for cryptocurrency taxation or reporting requirements due to the ban. Algerian authorities cite risks to financial stability, potential for illicit use (money laundering, terrorist financing), lack of consumer protection, and a threat to monetary sovereignty as reasons for the ban. Currency controls and restrictions on financial institutions facilitating cryptocurrency transactions pose operational challenges.

Notes

Despite the ban, some Algerians use informal channels like P2P platforms and VPNs to engage in cryptocurrency activities. The government's focus remains on preventing financial crimes and maintaining monetary control. While there is some discussion about potential future regulation instead of a ban, the current framework is strict prohibition. Recent fintech and venture capital regulations introduced in early 2025 do not affect the cryptocurrency ban.

Detailed Explanation

Retail cryptocurrency trading is explicitly prohibited in Algeria, with the ban formally instated through Article 117 of the Financial Law of 2018. This law forbids the purchase, sale, use, and possession of what it terms 'virtual currency,' which is defined as any digital asset utilized by internet users lacking a physical representation. The Bank of Algeria, the nation's central bank, first issued warnings about the risks associated with Bitcoin in 2017, citing volatility and concerns over illicit use. The Ministry of Finance reiterated this stance in 2020, emphasizing that virtual currencies cannot be used as a legal means of payment.

Violations of this ban can lead to penalties, including fines and potentially imprisonment, as dealing in digital currencies is considered a threat to national security. Financial institutions and banks in Algeria are not permitted to facilitate cryptocurrency transactions, and there are no government-approved exchanges. Banks actively block transactions related to cryptocurrencies.

Despite the explicit ban, there are indications that some Algerians continue to engage in cryptocurrency activities through informal channels such as peer-to-peer (P2P) platforms, VPNs, and offshore exchanges. This underground activity, however, carries significant legal risks for those involved.

The rationale behind this prohibition stems from several concerns cited by Algerian authorities, including risks to financial stability, the potential for use in illicit activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing, the lack of consumer protection, and a perceived threat to the country's monetary sovereignty.

As of early 2025, new fintech and venture capital regulations have been introduced in Algeria (Bank of Algeria Regulation №25–02, 14 April 2025), aiming to boost the digital finance sector. However, these reforms do not appear to have altered the legal status of cryptocurrencies, which remain banned for retail trading. The Bank of Algeria's recent regulatory issuances in 2025 focus on areas like digital banking and payment service providers without mentioning any change to the cryptocurrency ban.

Specific excerpts highlighting the ban include the 2018 Financial Law of Algeria (Article 117), which states, "يمنع شراء العملة الافتراضية وبيعها وحيازتها" (Translation: 'The purchase, sale, use and possession of virtual currency is prohibited'). This is widely reported across various sources, including Traders Union (March 26, 2025) and Bitcoin.com (2025).

There is currently no official indication that the Algerian government intends to revise its restrictive cryptocurrency policy in the near future. The focus remains on preventing financial crimes and maintaining monetary control. While there is some discussion about the potential for future regulation rather than an outright ban, particularly as global adoption grows and neighboring countries adopt different approaches, the current legal framework remains one of strict prohibition.

Summary Points

Retail Trading Status of Cryptocurrencies in Algeria (as of June 26, 2025)

I. Regulatory Status:

  • Retail Cryptocurrency Trading: Banned.
    • Includes buying, selling, and holding cryptocurrencies by individual citizens and residents.
    • Classified as illegal activity.

II. Key Regulatory Bodies:

  • Bank of Algeria (Central Bank):
    • Issued initial warnings about cryptocurrency risks (2017).
    • Enforces the ban on cryptocurrency transactions.
    • Recent regulatory issuances (2025) focus on digital banking and payment service providers, but do not alter the cryptocurrency ban.
    • Bank of Algeria (Official Website - Regulations Section)
  • Ministry of Finance:
    • Reiterated the ban in 2020, emphasizing that virtual currencies cannot be used as a legal means of payment.

III. Important Legislation and Regulations:

  • Financial Law of 2018 (Article 117):
    • Explicitly prohibits the purchase, sale, use, and possession of "virtual currency."
    • Defines virtual currency as any digital asset used by internet users without physical representation.
    • Arabic: "يمنع شراء العملة الافتراضية وبيعها وحيازتها" (Translation: "The purchase, sale, use and possession of virtual currency is prohibited").
  • Bank of Algeria Regulation №25–02 (14 April 2025):
    • Introduced new fintech and venture capital regulations.
    • Does not alter the legal status of cryptocurrencies (remains banned).

IV. Requirements for Compliance:

  • Strict Prohibition: No legal framework for cryptocurrency taxation or reporting requirements.
  • Financial Institutions: Banks are not permitted to facilitate cryptocurrency transactions and actively block related transactions.
  • No Government-Approved Exchanges: No legal cryptocurrency exchanges operate in Algeria.

V. Notable Restrictions and Limitations:

  • Complete Ban: Covers all aspects of retail cryptocurrency trading.
  • Penalties: Violations can lead to fines and potentially imprisonment.
  • Underground Activity: Despite the ban, some Algerians engage in cryptocurrency activities through informal channels (P2P, VPNs, offshore exchanges), but this carries significant legal risks.

VI. Rationale for the Ban:

  • Risks to financial stability.
  • Potential for use in illicit activities (money laundering, terrorist financing).
  • Lack of consumer protection.
  • Perceived threat to the country's monetary sovereignty.

VII. Recent Developments and Changes:

  • Fintech and VC Regulations (2025): New regulations aimed at boosting the digital finance sector, but do not affect the cryptocurrency ban.
  • No Indication of Policy Change: No official indication that the Algerian government intends to revise its restrictive cryptocurrency policy in the near future.
  • Focus on Prevention: The focus remains on preventing financial crimes and maintaining monetary control.
  • Potential Future Regulation: Some discussion exists about potential future regulation rather than an outright ban, but the current legal framework remains one of strict prohibition.

Full Analysis Report

Report on Retail_Trading_Status in Algeria

Date: 2025-06-26

Topic: Retail_Trading_Status

Description: Assess whether individual citizens and residents in the country are legally permitted to buy, sell, and hold cryptocurrencies. Detail the regulatory environment surrounding this activity (e.g., KYC/AML requirements imposed on platforms, general warnings issued).

Retail_Trading_Status

Identified Status: Banned

Detailed Narrative Explanation:

Retail cryptocurrency trading, including the buying, selling, and holding of cryptocurrencies by individual citizens and residents, is explicitly prohibited in Algeria. This ban was formally instated through the Financial Law of 2018, specifically Article 117. This law forbids the purchase, sale, use, and possession of what it terms "virtual currency." The Algerian government defines virtual currency as any digital asset utilized by internet users that lacks a physical representation like traditional coins, banknotes, or payments made by check or bank card.

The rationale behind this prohibition stems from several concerns cited by Algerian authorities. These include risks to financial stability, the potential for use in illicit activities such as money laundering and terrorist financing, the lack of consumer protection, and a perceived threat to the country's monetary sovereignty. The Bank of Algeria, the nation's central bank, first issued warnings about the risks associated with Bitcoin in 2017, citing volatility and concerns over illicit use. This was followed by the comprehensive ban in the 2018 Financial Law. The Ministry of Finance reiterated this stance in 2020, emphasizing that virtual currencies cannot be used as a legal means of payment.

Violations of this ban can lead to penalties, including fines and potentially imprisonment, as dealing in digital currencies is considered a threat to national security. Financial institutions and banks in Algeria are not permitted to facilitate cryptocurrency transactions, and there are no government-approved exchanges. Banks actively block transactions related to cryptocurrencies.

Despite the explicit ban, there are indications that some Algerians continue to engage in cryptocurrency activities through informal channels such as peer-to-peer (P2P) platforms, VPNs, and offshore exchanges. This underground activity, however, carries significant legal risks for those involved.

There is currently no official indication that the Algerian government intends to revise its restrictive cryptocurrency policy in the near future. The focus remains on preventing financial crimes and maintaining monetary control. While there is some discussion about the potential for future regulation rather than an outright ban, particularly as global adoption grows and neighboring countries adopt different approaches, the current legal framework remains one of strict prohibition.

As of early 2025, new fintech and venture capital regulations have been introduced in Algeria (Bank of Algeria Regulation №25–02, 14 April 2025), aiming to boost the digital finance sector. However, these reforms do not appear to have altered the legal status of cryptocurrencies, which remain banned for retail trading. The Bank of Algeria's recent regulatory issuances in 2025 focus on areas like digital banking and payment service providers without mentioning any change to the cryptocurrency ban.

Specific, Relevant Text Excerpts:

  • The 2018 Financial Law of Algeria (Article 117): "يمنع شراء العملة الافتراضية وبيعها وحيازتها" (Translation: "The purchase, sale, use and possession of virtual currency is prohibited"). A similar phrasing, "The 2018 Financial law of Algeria prohibited the purchase, sale, use and possession of virtual currency," is also widely reported. Coinfomania states, "Algeria completely bans cryptocurrencies under its 2018 financial law (Article 117). The law forbids buying, selling, or owning digital assets."
  • Traders Union (March 26, 2025): "In Algeria, the 2018 Financial Law explicitly prohibits the purchase, sale, use, and possession of cryptocurrencies, classifying such activities as illegal. Consequently, there is no legal framework for cryptocurrency taxation or reporting requirements in the country. Engaging in cryptocurrency transactions may lead to legal penalties under existing laws."
  • Bitcoin.com (2025): "Is it legal to trade crypto in Algeria? No, it is illegal to trade or use cryptocurrencies in Algeria. The government imposed a ban in 2018, and violations may result in penalties." Another section from Bitcoin.com states, "تنظم لوائح العملات المشفرة في الجزائر بشكل صارم، حيث حظرت الحكومة رسميًا استخدام العملات المشفرة في عام 2018. ومع ذلك، على الرغم من القيود القانونية، يبقى الاهتمام بالتداول بالعملات المشفرة قائمًا. تشمل النقاط الرئيسية التي يجب ملاحظتها: العملات المشفرة محظورة للاستخدام في المعاملات. قد تؤدي الانتهاكات إلى غرامات أو عقوبات." (Translation: "Cryptocurrency regulations in Algeria are strictly regulated, as the government officially banned the use of cryptocurrencies in 2018. However, despite the legal restrictions, interest in trading cryptocurrencies remains. Key points to note include: Cryptocurrencies are banned for use in transactions. Violations may lead to fines or penalties.")
  • CCN.com (February 3, 2025): "Algeria bans cryptocurrency, citing risks to financial security and economic stability. The government prohibits ownership and transactions and warns about money laundering, terrorist financing, and threats to the regulated financial system. Despite strict enforcement, crypto adoption persists through unofficial channels."
  • Al Jazeera Net (May 13, 2025): "تحظر الجزائر تماما استخدام العملات الرقمية، وفق قانون المالية لعام 2018، شراء أو بيع أو حيازة هذه العملات، ويعكس هذا القانون مخاوف السلطات الجزائرية من التأثيرات السلبيةالمتمل لةذه العملات لى الاقتصاد المحلي والأمن المالي." (Translation: "Algeria completely prohibits the use of digital currencies, according to the 2018 Finance Law, including buying, selling, or possessing these currencies. This law reflects the Algerian authorities' concerns about the potential negative impacts of these currencies on the local economy and financial security.")
  • Binance Square (King Mouaz, September 7, 2024): "The current legal status of cryptocurrencies in Algeria: Algeria is one of the countries that has a strict stance towards cryptocurrencies. The Finance Law of 2018 explicitly banned dealing in cryptocurrencies, with Article 117 stating that “the purchase, sale, use, or possession of virtual currencies is prohibited.”"
  • YouTube (Ennahar TV, April 14, 2025): "العملات الرقميه ومنها البيتكوين ممنوعه في القانون الجزائري لكن انتشارها بطريقه غير رسميه وارد جدا في ظل الترويج الكبير لها على مواقع التواصل." (Translation: "Digital currencies, including Bitcoin, are forbidden in Algerian law, but their informal spread is very possible given their significant promotion on social media.")

Direct, Accessible URL Links to Sources:

  1. Bitcoin.com (Arabic Article on Crypto Exchanges in Algeria, 2025): https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQGaJXpvTKWUHg3k6oJj-gyZEEsQm8YnbvMHiNKu_ez47zdTMnCw1GefYPBKd1Qp2fmlPaBL9p8F-m9rDZjaEKOLeO1UemL9dwiqve3BXPycFFNd92EvvthAnzO7E0QA87oYN-5jK8evVg==
  2. Traders Union (Cryptocurrency Regulation And Taxes In Algeria, March 26, 2025): https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQHZL9SfweU0LKVDgoFxMbfu5DLKRnbb5lNFC93N9OPA7yhgC8X_-nwXSmL3awIollCEtbufr_1TvL6QEpHA7d1Uc5ZQgsmZOe-4lFvs26x8Re4mUwD1EhLKvjMzXU8UtUaHcBzpM_mY8uEaK7oXSk2ncdCS3gXd2DWeQbjIZ6Yv-8dBrfRmYhT8j3-02aQC08e-fjIzr2mV2GSLyF2O
  3. Coinfomania (Cryptocurrency Regulations in Algeria, June 19, 2025): https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQGiCI6Zxl2xjROEkqYsdaRcy4Sjnb7VXbTN6bGs5bmKUHQQO7X7vmrbOzh9HPWgPQ_7w1t80a-GKfDXO8OC8JiSxKTT_XlR6ASvXE5OQJ3THJd0gPj2EU-HU_zFsKdqOEH6uHptDCVm2b6tDkIDAr8aVmCeub7zgHfY
  4. Bitcoin.com (Best Crypto Exchanges in Algeria for 2025): https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQFVjaM8sNG23AZuwThuq_iHLMAX5kt_OtCOqdp7kC1O3SvmA0tKqfKCc6bccaxGTqniIgjJkdtHY7fwtzG7boMDgl-fbT_IKKa4WbQpe1CgG_v-m0PWQIWLYwtDTmpzo29jdaM5pw==
  5. CoinStats (Cryptocurrency Regulations in Algeria, June 19, 2025): https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQEzUIquOj1QktdvMkQXyJo5J6tst5HVueSorr_b9OXrIAEOfwAEzILXnAOUc4fPHRV_wekgedeNqpiRV02MUQLRcMyLg6hazGU-CaTBI5Nnx1s7L-R_tTpNzAbofwn_rHIflbVLcqA8PVvG6ulw_7nc1uSOs8RArX3AHeGLAgS-HNtM6005mWqlmz_MwLhG34T0VqrXF9Ce--U0EehTSmUSWck7KQae3q46D0LDKHhFhw0C-C7X9WLby3Nt0v0=
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  10. Proelium Law LLP (Cryptocurrency Regulation Tracker): https://vertexaisearch.cloud.google.com/grounding-api-redirect/AUZIYQGeONJYM5WvITQYfB4hU4ccBnjfWDYWAh8_5CwjnJVfFFEMzUGxOrCLrTCW9nI9HJ2YcqrKNqKFFZ1EBGBDxbOJuY4YZZ1BBJC_Iy4FQ1yo1CTaDba_nAcq6iC03We-2MfoBu8y3WCepd5qGLs5A-wb6UHlOF0=
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Web Sources (19)

Sources discovered via web search grounding

Search queries used (11)
  • current status of retail cryptocurrency trading in Algeria 2025
  • Algeria cryptocurrency laws and regulations 2025
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  • Central Bank of Algeria cryptocurrency policy 2025
  • Is cryptocurrency trading legal for individuals in Algeria 2025?
  • Retail_Trading_Status Algeria cryptocurrency
  • الوضع الحالي لتداول العملات المشفرة للأفراد في الجزائر 2025
  • قوانين ولوائح العملات المشفرة في الجزائر 2025
  • بيانات رسمية من الحكومة الجزائرية بشأن تداول العملات المشفرة
  • سياسة بنك الجزائر المركزي بشأن العملات المشفرة 2025
  • هل تداول العملات المشفرة قانوني للأفراد في الجزائر 2025؟
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